Sir Roger Penrose won the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity.
I have to admit that I connected him up to now only with aperiodic tilings of the plane (Wikipedia link).
If you want to know more about him you can look it up on Wikipedia (link), and if you want to know a bit more about his work you can have a look at the following blog entry of John Baez: link.